According The Philanthropic Collaborative's 2008 report every dollar that private and community foundations provided in grants and support in 2007 produced an estimated average return of $8.58 in direct economic benefits. The report found that the program areas generating the biggest returns include arts and culture, for which $5.2 billion in foundation support helped produce an estimated $51 billion in direct benefits, and education, for which $9.7 billion in foundation support helped produce an estimated $49 billion in benefits. Foundations also were responsible for some 9.2 million jobs, $511.9 billion in household income, and $145.4 billion in local, state, and federal revenue.
